enzymes

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Enzyme activity
Introduction
Enzymes are the catalysts which speed up chemical reactions. Their compounds are proteins, and their role is essential for digestion of carbohydrates and lipids. The best-known enzymes belong to the digestive system, and they break down substances into their compounds so that their absorption in the small intestine is successful. That is because complex substances cannot pass the cellular membrane and pass through the small intestine to the bloodstream to nourish the body. For example, amylase breaks down starch into sugars; maltase breaks maltose into glucose and lactase breaks lactose into galactose and glucose (Newman, npag). However, enzymes can accomplish their goal only under particular conditions of temperature and pH. During a chemical reaction, a molecule called the substrate binds itself to the active site of the enzyme (Newman, npag). If a substance inhibits this binding to the enzyme’s active site, then this substance is called an inhibitor, and the reaction is canceled (Newman, npag).
Hypothesis
During the first experiment, the activity of the enzyme lactase was tested when the milk was provided as the substrate. The hypothesis was about whether lactase could break down lactose, which is sugar in milk, galactose, and glucose. It was expected that the result would confirm the above-mentioned hypothesis. As it is mentioned above, the existing studies and research have confi…