How do certain circumstances presented to Alpacas in the wild affect the mechanism they use to survive and reproduce?

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How Do Certain Circumstances Presented to Alpacas in The Wild Affect the Mechanism They Use to Survive and Reproduce?
SURVIVAL MECHANISM
High pitched screams. Alpacas produce a wide range of vocalizations. Some of them are meant to scare away predators and warn other members of imminent danger. These vocalizations include humming, snorting, clucking, grumbling, loud creams, ogling, screeching and alarm calls. Loud screams are produced when the animal is in stressful situations. Alarm calls or high [itched vocalizations are produced when the Alpacas senses danger (Castillo-Ruiz n.pag). Loud screams are related to alarm calls but they are only made when he Alpaca is terrified. The alarm call sounds like a higher pitched and less rusty donkey “hee-haw”.
CAUSE/CIRCUMSTANCES
The alarm call means that the Alpaca has seen, heard or smelled something scary. Usually, the danger might be a predator like a wolf or even a shadow. According to Castillo-Ruiz (n.pag), the Alpaca can be attacked by predators in their native range like domestic dogs. Sources of danger in the wild include Andean foxes, pumas, Andean condors and wild cats. Coyotes and wolves are also identified as threats. The Alpaca associate the sight of these animals with danger. Therefore, they use high pitched sounds as a way to warn others and scare away these predators.
EFFECT
Survival and Reproduction. The Alpaca uses loud screams and loud calls together with other survi…