Centralization in Film Production. According to the Motion Picture Association of America, the average cost of all production, overheads in the studio and financing of all costs up to the creation of the actual movie negatives (also termed as the negative value), was around $51 million in 1999 and went up by 6.5% in 2000 to around $55 million (MPAA). This signifies a big difference over independent films whose budget often is around $10 million to $ 20 million (Frumes 5). Over the last decade, the negative costs have spiraled out of control prompting film studios, under their designated unions, to undertake debates on the most economical ways to ensure that the movie production cost does not go...
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