Application of Community Health and Population-Focused Nursing

Application of Community Health and Population-Focused Nursing
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Description of the Outbreak
HIV/AIDS is a viral disease that usually affects the immune system of an individual making the body less resistant to various infections such as tuberculosis among others. The disease outbreak was first discovered in the year 1981 by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Its cause was also discovered in the early 1980s (Whiteside, 2016). However, it is said to have reached the United States as early as 1960 but was not discovered until the early 80s. It reached most countries across the world in the 90s and early 2000s. It is alleged that the disease was first discovered in West-Central Africa but has since spread to every section of the world. The most affected countries are in the sub-Saharan Africa region. In the year 2016, an estimated 36.7 million people were living with the virus. Since it was discovered, it has caused deaths for more than 35 million people across the world.
Epidemiological determinants and risk factors associated with the outbreak
HIV/AIDS has been regarded as a global pandemic. By the year 2016, more than 36.7 million people were infected by the virus. The main epidemiological determinants are blood and body fluids exchange through sexual intercourse and blood transfusion. Sexual intercourse is, however, the major way through which the virus is distributed. Majority of the people infected are women. Sl…